Lead is one of the oldest metals on Earth. It is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum). It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cut, lead is silvery with a hint of blue; it tarnishes to a dull grey colour when exposed to air. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and three of its…
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu. It is a soft, malleable and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange colour. Copper oxidizes in moisture and forms a green verdigris (or patina). Copper is widely used by the Food Machinery Manufacturers. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. It is easily formed, acid resistant and does not oxidize when exposed to open air. Its colour depends…
Compound steel is composed of various grades of Fe and C. The aim of alloyage is to alter the properties of steel in the sense of density and inhibition of corrosion, wear resistance, acid resistance etc. so as to improve all the physical, chemical, and electrical properties. Stainless steels contain a minimum of 10,5% chromium, and less than 1,2 % of carbon. There are…
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al. The world’s first aluminium bar was displayed at Paris World’s Fair in 1855 which weighed 1 kg. At that time its price was similar to gold, so aluminium became popular in jewellery. Nowadays the usage of aluminium and its alloys are widely used due to their advantageous characteristics. The typical alloying elements are Cu, Mg, Si Ni, Mn . Dural alloys…
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